Syringe



Patented Aug. 15, 1939 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE Application SeptemberClaims.

My invention relates to syringes.

It provides for the ready attachment and detachment of fiuid-conveyingdevices, such as hypodermic needles for example.

The accompanying drawing illustrates a preferred form of my invention:Fig. 1 is an elevation of a syringe with a hypodermic needle attachedthereto. Fig. 2 is an elevaticn, partly in section, of one end of thesyringe of Fig. l with the needle detached and at one side in positionto be moved onto the syringe nozzle. Fig. 3 is a plan View of the nozzleend of the syringe. Fig. i shows the various parts constituting thenozzle portion of the device iliustrated, ready for assembly.

In the device shown the barrel i and plunger 2 of the syringe are of awell-known form as will be recognized. In the present instance thenozzle of the syringe is made separate from and later at tached to thebarrel, but this is not an essential feature of my invention; the end ofthe barrel i illustrated is somewhat contracted and is set into a recessin cne end of the nozzle member 3 (Fig. 2), and may be permanently fixedin the recess in some conventional manner. The rozzle member 3 isprovided with a passage for the fiuid, and the end of the nozzleopposite the recess mentioned is somewhat tapered externally in theregion 5 (Fig. 4:). The hypodermic needle illustrated is of asubstartially conventional form. Its base member 6 provided interiorlywith a recess tapered similarly to the tapering at 5 on the nozzlemember 3-, that the nczzle may fit well into the needle and form asufiiciently tight joint between the two, and adjacent its end theneedle base G is provided with one or more radially-extendirg lookingprojections T, or a single cireular fiange may be employed. A shoulderfaeing the syringe barrel, or a second fiange or set of projections 8,extending radially outwardly, is or are provided also, preferably, for apurpose hereirafter indicated; this or these may consst of the circularfiange attered at two sides that is now found on some hypodermicneedles.

A sleeve i is placed outside the nozzle member 3 to hold the needle tothe nczzle. The sleeve and nozzle member are connected by screw threadsas it were to provide for movement of the sleeve lengthwise of thenozzle to lock and release the needle. To this end preferably, accordingto my invention, one of these two members is provided with a spiralgroove and the other with a projection extending into the groove butextending only a short distance lengthwise of the groove; 55 generallyspeaking, this permits the nozzle mem- 1, 1936, Serial No. 98,839

ber to be shorter than would be possible if both members were providedwith screw threads completely encircling the respective members one ormore times. Preferably this groove and projection are provided bycutting a spiral groove i in the outer surface of the nozzle member 3and piercing the sleeve H with a radial hole 52 in which is inserted apin !3 to ride in the thread grcove ill. At the end of the sleeve llremote from the barrel i of the syringe` a lcngitudinal projection Mcarries at its outer end an inturned fiange or radial lip !5 forming ashoulder iacing the barrel of the syringe to engage the lookingprojectior or projections 'i of the needle. This longitudinal projectionM and lip !5 extend only part way around the longitudinal centerline ofthe nozzle member 3, leaving a space at cne side through which theneedle base t can be inserted as it were, with a projection 'i beneaththe lip (Fig. 2) that is to say, for example, the pi'ojection M and lip!5 may extend half way around. this centerline or a little more, as isshown mest clearly in Fig. 3. The sleeve i i may be knurled as at !5 orotherwise formed so that it can be turned readily on the nozzle memberpin !3 in its hole 42 and the thread groove preferably an outer sleeveil' is forced down over 'the sleeve !i with a driving fit. suchConstruction is relatively inexpensive and readily made as well as wellsuited for the purposes.

The threading between the sleeve !i and the nozzle member 3 is stoppedits end P jaceht the taper 5. This prevents the looking sleeve beingremoved from the nozzle inadvertently this end the groove !t is filledup, as it were, at 28, so that the turning of the looking sleeve H in adirection to move it oi the nozzle member 3 is stopped by the pin !3striking this filled-up end of the groove; this filling up of the end ofthe groove can besecured by discontinuing the cutting of the groove atthe point 29. Lohgitudhal movement of the sleeve in the oppos tedirection can be limited and stopped in a like marrer, or by arrangingfor the end 2! of the sleeve to into engagement with, say, the shoulder::in the nozzle member while the pin is still within the thread grooveti?. The looking sleeve therefore is at all times kept in threadedconnection with the nozzle member so that its sole movements in use arerotation around the nozZle member and consequent straight line movementlengthwise of the nozzle member. To permt the needle to be placed on thenozzle under these conditions, the shoulder !5 is placed so far from,say, the pin !3 that without the screw-thread ele- To eonfine the IIIments of the sleeve and nozzle member passing out of oo-operatingth'readed relation, this shoulder can be brought to a positionsufiiciently far beyond the end of the nozzle to permit the needle to beseated on the nozzle and its looking projeotion 'l passed beneath theshoulder by a sidewise movement as is shown in Fig. 2. This Fig. 2 showsthe position of the sleeve when the pin l3 is substantially engaged withthe filling at 20. The length of the thread groove lO as measured from20 is at least such that the lip !5 can draw the needle base onto thenozzle end with the desired tightness. Suoh an arrangement permits theuser to attach and detaoh a needle or other fiuid-conveying device bothreadily and easily.

In use the looking sleeve l i is rotated until, say, its rotation isstopped at the groove end or filling 20. The needle base 6 is thenpassed into the sleeve with a more or less sidewise movement, say fromits position in Flg. 2, thus placing the looking projection l (or one ofthem) beneath the lip l; the base may then be pressed onto the nozzleend but this is not altogether necessary. The looking sleeve ll is thenrotated to draw the lip 5 against the projeotion or projections l andtherethrough draw the needle base into tight engagement with the nozzleend, and hold it there. Rotation of the looking sleeve Il in theopposite direction releases the needle. If the needle does not freeitself of the nozzle, continued rotation of the sleeve forces thelooking lip i against the needle projeotion or projections :l andtherethrough lifts the needle base from the nozzle. When the sleeveagain reaches its position in Fig. 2, the needle can be removed bysidewise movement of course.

It will be unde'stood that my invention is not limited to the details ofconstruotion and operation heroin described and illustrated except asappears hereafter in the olaims.

I claim:

l. In a syringe, means to attach thereto a fluidconveying devicechanbered to receive a nozzle and having a looking projection, saidmeans comprising a nozzle to enter such chamber to support thefluid-conveying device and a sleeve outside said nozzle having ashoulder to engage the looking projection of the fluid-conveying deviceto hold the latter to the nozzle, said nozzle and sleeve beingscrew-threaded one to the other for adjustment of the sleeve lengthwiseof the nozzle, and the length of the sleeve including the screwthreadelement thereof being greater than the distance from the discharge endol the nozzle to the screw-thread element of the nozzle so that thesleeve can be adjusted, with the screw-thread elements in co-operatingrelation to each other, from a position whereat said shoulder is locatedalongside the nozzle to a position whereat said shoulder is beyond theend of the nozzle suffioiently to perm't the fluid-conveying device tobe seated on the nozzle and the looking projection thereon passedbeneath said shoulder.

2. In a syringe, means to attach thereto a fluid-conveying device havinga ohamber to reoeive a nozzle and a looking projeotion, said meansoomprising a tapered nozzle to enter said reoess and a sleeve outsidesaid nozzle having a shoulder to engage the looking projection of thefluid-conveying device, said nozzle and sleeve being sorew-threaded oneto the other ior adjustnent of the sleeve lengthwise of the nozzle, andthe length oi the sleeve including the screwthread element thereof beinggreater than the distance from the discharge end oi the nozzle to thescrew-thread element of the nozzle so that the sleeve can be adjusted,with the screw-thread elements in co-operating relation to each other,from a position whereat said shoulder is beyond the end of the nozzlesuflioiently to permit the fluid-conveying device to bo seated on thenozzle and the looking projeotion thereon to be passed beneath saidshoulder, to a position whei'eat the nozzle is drawn into the reoess inthe fluid-conveying device and forms with the fluid-conveying device afluid-tight joint.

3. The subject matter of claim 1 in combination with the fluid-oonveyingdevice, characterized by the fact that a second projeotion is providedon the fluid-oonveying device, spaced from said looking projeotion andpositioned to be engaged by said sleeve as the latter is moved towardthe first mentioned position to force the fluid-conveying device loosefrom the nozzle.

4. In a syringe, means to attach thereto a fluid-oonveying device havinga looking projection, said means comprising a nozzle and a sleeveoutside the nozzle having a shoulder to engage the looking projection ofthe fluid-conveying device to hold the latter to the nozzle, said nozzleand sleeve having oooperating screwthread means to move the sleevelengthwise of the nozzle as the sleeve is rotated. characterized by thefact that the length of the sleeve including the screw-thread means onthe sleeve is greater than the distance from the discharge end of thenozzle to the screw-thread means on the nozzle and said screw-threadmeans on the nozzle extends far enough lengthwise of the nozzle to movesaid sleeve to a position whereat said shoulder is so far beyond the endof the nozzle that the fiuid-conveying device can be seated on thenozzle and the looking projection passed beneath said shoulder, and agroovc of said screw-thread means is stopped to prevent movement of thesleeve beyond said position.

5. In a syringe, means to attach thereto a fiuid-oonveying device havinga looking projection, said means oomprising a nozzle having a spiralslot in its outer surface, a sleeve outside the nozzle having a shoulderto engage the looking projection of the fluid-conveying device to holdthe latter to the nozzle, and pierced with a hole, a pin in said hole inthe sleeve extending into said slot to ooope'ate with the walls of theslot to move the sleeve lengthwise of the nozzle as the sleeve isrotated, and a second sleeve enoircling the first mentioned sleeve inthe region of the pin to retain the pin in place.

MATHEW PAYNE.

